Fish suited to alkaline water (around pH 8)

Provide effective filtration, sheltered retreats and at least 450 L for one adult; allow more room for additional fish.

Provide a base of at least 120 × 30 cm for a pair and feed varied, predominantly carnivorous foods.

Fin nipper — avoid with long-finned tankmates

Fin nipper — avoid with long-finned tankmates

Keep a group with a base of at least 80 × 30 cm and clean sand or smooth gravel.

Fin nipper — avoid with long-finned tankmates

Fin nipper — avoid with long-finned tankmates

Adults are territorial and may damage tankmates; a group of six is only an option in a very large tank.

Fin nipper — avoid with long-finned tankmates

Keep a group of twenty or more with dense cover and a base of at least 60 × 30 cm.

High aggression — research tankmates carefully

Keep males separate; provide steady heat, gentle flow, surface access and a cover.

Keep a large group with open swimming space and a secure lid; avoid timid or slow tankmates.

Provide sand, rock caves and adequate breeding territory.

Provide a long, broad aquarium, unrestricted surface access and a secure lid; smaller fish may be eaten.

Fin nipper — avoid with long-finned tankmates

Provide ample space and strong filtration; breeding aggression can seriously injure tankmates.

High aggression — research tankmates carefully

Provide rock retreats and separate territories for a colony.

Fin nipper — avoid with long-finned tankmates

High aggression — research tankmates carefully

Keep males separate; provide steady heat, gentle flow, surface access and a cover.

Fin nipper — avoid with long-finned tankmates

Fin nipper — avoid with long-finned tankmates

Keep a substantial group; avoid slow or long-finned tankmates because of fin nipping.

Fin nipper — avoid with long-finned tankmates

Provide algae-covered surfaces and stable water; protect snails from predatory tankmates.