Three spot gourami

The three spot gourami is a widespread and adaptable anabantoid from Southeast Asia, found across much of Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Malaysia, and Indonesia, as well as southern China. It inhabits a variety of lowland environments including swamps, marshes, rice paddies, and floodplains — habitats that are often low in dissolved oxygen. Like all gouramis, it possesses a labyrinth organ that allows it to breathe atmospheric air. The name 'three spot' refers to the two prominent dark spots on the body and the eye which together form three visible markings. Reaching up to 15 cm, it is a medium-sized gourami with a flattened, oval body.

A planted aquarium with some floating cover and open swimming areas suits this species well. The tank should measure at least 90 cm x 30 cm (~81 litres) and have a secure lid, as gouramis are known jumpers. While three spot gouramis tolerate a wide range of conditions, they do best in warm water (24–30 °C) with a pH of 5.5–8.5. They are generalised omnivores in the wild, consuming plant matter, algae, small invertebrates, and detritus, and they accept most prepared foods in the aquarium without fuss.

Three spot gouramis are a common choice for community aquaria, but their temperament can be unpredictable. Some individuals remain peaceful throughout their lives, while others become spiteful as they mature. Males are territorial and can be aggressive toward each other, especially during breeding. They are best kept with robust tankmates such as barbs, larger characins, loaches, and other medium-to-large gouramis. Males are distinguished by their larger size and pointed dorsal fin, while females have a shorter, rounded dorsal. Colour morphs include the popular opaline (marbled) and gold varieties.