Black neon tetra

The black neon tetra is a perennial favourite in the aquarium hobby, appreciated for its hardy nature, peaceful disposition, and striking colouration. It is native to the upper rio Paraguai basin in Brazil, where it inhabits minor tributaries, headwater rivers, oxbows, and seasonally inundated floodplains with clear, soft, slightly acidic water and thick marginal vegetation. Today virtually all specimens in the trade are commercially bred, with wild fish no longer collected.

Like all tetras, this is a schooling species that should be maintained in groups of at least 8-10 specimens. A larger group not only makes the fish less nervous but results in a more natural-looking display with stronger colouration. It is very peaceful and makes an ideal resident for the well-researched community aquarium, combining well with similarly-sized characins, small catfishes, and peaceful cichlids. An aquarium with base dimensions of 80cm x 30cm (approximately 72 litres) is the smallest recommended.

Water conditions should aim for a temperature of 20-28°C, pH 5.0-7.5, and soft to moderately hard water. The tank looks best with a sandy substrate, driftwood roots, and planted vegetation; dried leaf litter adds a natural feel and encourages microbe colonies that provide supplementary food for both adults and fry. An omnivore, it accepts high-quality dried foods supplemented with live and frozen options such as bloodworm, Daphnia, and mosquito larvae for optimal condition.