Colored snakehead

The peacock snakehead, also known as the beautiful snakehead or Myanmar beautiful snakehead, is a striking species endemic to the Kyeinthali Chaung River system in the Rakhine State of Myanmar. It displays a mesmerising pattern of iridescent spots and bands against a dark background, with males developing particularly vibrant colouration during the breeding season. Adults reach 25-30 cm (10-12 inches), making it a medium-sized snakehead well-suited to dedicated aquarists with appropriate space.

This species is aggressive and strongly territorial — it is not a community fish and should be maintained alone or as a paired group in a species-only setup. Juveniles can be raised together but will begin to pair off as they mature, at which point surplus fish must be removed to prevent fatal conflict. A single adult requires a minimum of 300 litres with a sand substrate, plentiful hiding places formed from driftwood and rocks, and dense planting including floating vegetation. A tightly-sealing lid is absolutely mandatory since Channa species are obligate air-breathers and notorious escape artists.

Water parameters should be 18-25°C with a seasonal winter cooling period, pH 6.0-7.5, and soft to moderately hard water — the seasonal temperature drop is essential for long-term health and triggers breeding behaviour. Diet is carnivorous: earthworms, shrimp, crickets, and carnivore pellets. Unlike some snakeheads, this species is a cave brooder: the male collects floating eggs and deposits them in a cave, where both parents guard the fry. The peacock snakehead is a challenging but deeply rewarding species for the experienced keeper.