Water Spangles

Each leaf pair of Salvinia minima looks like a tiny green pillow, covered in water-repellent hairs that trap a layer of air — a natural flotation system that keeps the plant dry even when splashed. It is one of the smallest Salvinia species, with each oblong leaf staying under 1.5 cm in most aquariums, and is classified as invasive in several US states.

Growth is rapid: a few plants can cover the surface of a small tank within two weeks if not thinned, making it one of the most effective nitrate export tools available. No CO₂, fertiliser, or special care is needed. Still water produces the best growth; surface agitation from filters or air stones pushes the plants under and slows them down.

The short roots that hang below each leaf pair shelter fry and dwarf shrimp. To prevent it from blocking light to plants below, remove excess by skimming the surface by hand every week — a quick task that keeps the plant in check without special tools.